The week of May 16-22, 2010 is the 37th annual Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Week. This week has been established by the American College of Emergency Physicians.
A stroke (sometimes called a cerebrovascular accident (CVA)) is the rapidly developing loss of brain function(s) due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain, caused by a blocked or burst blood vessel. This can be due to ischemia (lack of blood flow) caused by thrombosis or arterial embolism or due to a hemorrhage. As a result, the affected area of the brain is unable to function, leading to inability to move one or more limbs on one side of the body, inability to understand or formulate speech, or inability to see one side of the visual field.
A stroke is a medical emergency and can cause permanent neurological damage, complications, and death. It is the leading cause of adult disability in the United States and Europe. It is the number two cause of death worldwide and may soon become the leading cause of death worldwide. Risk factors for stroke include advanced age, hypertension (high blood pressure), previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), diabetes, high cholesterol, cigarette smoking and atrial fibrillation.[4] High blood pressure is the most important modifiable risk factor of stroke.
A stroke is occasionally treated with thrombolysis ("clot buster"), but usually with supportive care (speech and language therapy, physiotherapy and occupational therapy) in a "stroke unit" and secondary prevention with antiplatelet drugs (aspirin and often dipyridamole), blood pressure control, statins, and in selected patients with carotid endarterectomy and anticoagulation.
The American Stroke Association focuses on care, research, and prevention of strokes and is operated by The American Stroke Association. Visit the official website of The American Stroke Association by clicking here .
MediTrain, LLC offers training on First Aid and CPR designed to help increase the survival rates of individuals who suffer from sudden cardiac arrest or stroke. For more information about the training we provide, please visit our main website by clicking here .
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an important life saving first aid skill, practiced throughout the world. It is the only known effective method of keeping someone who has suffered cardiac arrest alive long enough for definitive treatment to be delivered (usually defibrillation and intravenous cardiac drugs). The formal connection of chest compression with mouth-to-mouth ventilation to create CPR as it is practiced today occurred when Safar, Jude, and Kouwenhoven presented their findings at the annual Maryland Medical Society meeting on September 16, 1960 in Ocean City. In the opening remarks the moderator said, "Our purpose today is to bring to you, then, this new idea." It was so new that it was still without a name. The moderator stated that the two techniques "cannot be considered any longer as separate units, but as parts of a whole and complete approach to resuscitation". In his remarks Safar stressed the importance of combining ventilation and circulation. He presented convincing data that chest compression alone did not provide effective ventilation; mouth-to-mouth respiration had to be part of the equation.
To promote CPR, Jude, Knickerbocker, and Safar began a world speaking tour. In 1962 Gordon, along with David Adams, produced a 27-minute training film called "The Pulse of Life." The film was used in CPR classes and viewed by millions of students. For the film, Gordon and Adams devised the easy to remember mnemonic of A, B & C standing for the sequence of steps in CPR, airway, breathing, circulation, which is still used today.
In 1963 cardiologist Leonard Scherlis started the American Heart Association's CPR Committee, and in the same year, the Heart Association formally endorsed CPR.
In the United States and across the globe, cardiovascular (heart) disease and stroke continue to be the leading cause of death. NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim February 2010 as American Heart Month, and I invite all Americans to participate in National Wear Red Day on February 5, 2010. I also invite the Governors of the States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, officials of other areas subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, and the American people to join me in recognizing and reaffirming our commitment to fighting cardiovascular disease.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this first day of February, in the year of our Lord two thousand ten, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.
BARACK OBAMA
To learn more about how you can help fight cardiovascular disease, please visit The American Heart Association's website at http://www.heart.org .
MediTrain, LLC provides training that can improve the chances of survival for victims of cardiovasular arrest. For a list of courses, schedules, and online registration, please visit our website at http://www.meditrainoh.com .
Changing The Way We Think About PreventionIn a recent letter, the incoming Chair of the National Board at Prevent Child Abuse America, Dr. Chris Greely speaks about the negative impact that abuse has on children and society as a whole as well as how you can make a difference in preventing child abuse and neglect.
You can read the entire letter on the Prevent Child Abuse America blog by clicking here.
MediTrain, LLC provides training to childcare providers and the general public in identifying and preventing child abuse and neglect. For more information about our courses, including detailed descriptions and scheduling, please click here.
Handwashing is a simple thing and it's the best way to prevent infection and illness.
Clean hands prevent infections. Keeping hands clean prevents illness at home, at school, and at work. Hand hygiene practices are key prevention tools in healthcare settings, in daycare facilities, in schools and public institutions, and for the safety of our food.
In healthcare settings, handwashing can prevent potentially fatal infections from spreading from patient to patient and from patient to healthcare worker and vice-versa. The basic rule in the hospital is to cleanse hands before and after each patient contact by either washing hands or using an alcohol-based hand rub.
At home, handwashing can prevent infection and illness from spreading from family member to family member and, sometimes, throughout a community. In the home, the basic rule is to wash hands before preparing food and after handling uncooked meat and poultry, before eating, after changing diapers, after coughing, sneezing, or blowing one's nose into a tissue, and after using the bathroom.
When washing hands with soap and water:
If soap and clean water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand rub to clean your hands. Alcohol-based hand rubs significantly reduce the number of germs on skin and are fast-acting.
When using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer:
Ignaz Semmelweis, an Austrian-Hungarian physician, first demonstrated over 150 years ago that hand hygiene can prevent the spread of disease. Hand hygiene as a practice includes performing handwashing, or using antiseptic handwash, alcohol-based hand rub, or surgical hand hygiene/antisepsis.
Dr. Semmelweis worked in a hospital in Vienna whose maternity patients were dying at such an alarming rate that they begged to be sent home1. Most of those dying had been treated by student physicians who worked on corpses during an anatomy class before beginning their rounds in the maternity ward.
Because the students did not wash their hands effectively between touching the dead and the living–handwashing was an unrecognized hygienic practice at the time–pathogenic bacteria from the corpses regularly were transmitted to the mothers via the students' hands.
The result was a death rate five times higher for mothers who delivered in one clinic of the hospital than for mothers who delivered at another clinic not attended by the student physicians.
In an experiment considered quaint at best by his colleagues, Dr. Semmelweis insisted that his students wash their hands before treating the mothers–and deaths on the maternity ward fell fivefold.
Unquestioned today as the most important tool in the healthcare worker's arsenal for preventing infection, handwashing was not readily accepted in Dr. Semmelweis's era. Indeed, his pleas to make handwashing a routine practice throughout the hospital were largely met with derision. Another 50 years would pass before the importance of handwashing as a preventive measure would be widely accepted by the medical profession. Sanitation is now a standard and thousands of lives have been saved because of Dr. Semmelweis's discovery.
MediTrain, LLC teaches the proper method of handwashing as part of our Communicable Diseases course. For more information about this course, please click here.
1 Semmelweis I. Etiology, concept, and prophylaxis of childbed fever. Carter KC, ed. 1st ed. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.
H1N1 vaccination is strongly recommended for caregivers of infants under 6 months of age and for all persons age 6 months to 24 years. Please go to http://summitflu.org/h1n1clinics.html for a listing of upcoming health department vaccination clinics in
There are a number of myths and misinformation regarding vaccination. Please go to http://www.flu.gov/myths/index.html for the facts. Vaccination is free and safe for anyone who is not allergic to eggs. Doses of thimerosol-free vaccine are available for children under 35 months of age and pregnant women.
MediTrain, LLC provides Communicable Diseases Prevention & Management training to childcare providers in Ohio. For more information about our Childcare Provider training, please visit our website at http://www.meditrainoh.com/childcare/.
Only You Can Prevent Childhood Accidents!1. (false) Safety caps are merely child-resistant, not childproof - a toddler can often open a safety cap within 10 minutes - the cap is just a delaying tactic.
Tips: It's vital to keep drugs, even those with safety caps, out of the reach of children. Better yet, keep drugs out of sight and/or locked up.
2. (all - hot dogs, hard candies, grapes, nuts) These four foods cause more than 40% of all childhood choking deaths. Until toddlers have all their teeth and are able to chew their food well, they are inclined to swallow such foods whole. That can block a child's narrow airway and cause choking, a particular problem because of a child's underdeveloped ability to cough up obstructing foods.
Tips: Don't give young children small foods like grapes or nuts. Cut up solid foods in small pieces, and serve them in small quantities. Encourage children under five to chew vigorously; monitor their eating sessions. Don't let them eat while talking, running, or lying down. Don't let children toss or pour food into their mouths.
3. (d - risen dramatically) But car crashes remain the leading cause of death for kids under age five. Eighty-four percent of one- to four-year-olds and 83% of infants used safety seats in 1990. Use of child safety seats reduces the likelihood of fatal injury in a crash by 69% for infants and by 47% for children aged one to four, according to federal estimates. All 50 states have enacted child safety seat laws.
Tip: Don't think that it's ever safe to hold an infant when riding in a car - in a collision, the child is likely to fly out of your arms or be crushed against the dashboard.
4. (false) It is much safer to buckle an infant car seat into the rear seat.
Tip: Above all, do not use the infant seat in the front seat of a new car equipped with a passenger-side air bag since the deployed bag can seriously injure the infant by striking the back of the safety seat (which is designed to face the rear), according to the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration.
5. (false) Any belt is better than no belt - for a child as well as an adult.
Tip: Use a booster seat for a child age four to eight and weighing 40 to 65 pounds who has outgrown his infant safety seat. If your rear seat has shoulder straps, you can buy the kind of booster seat that raises your child so that the shoulder strap crosses his chest, not neck. If the rear seat has only lap belts, choose a booster seat that has a harness or shield, which will act as a torso restrainer.
6. (c - stationary bicycles) As more and more people buy exercise equipment, doctors are seeing a dramatic rise in the number of related injuries to young children. Stationary bikes injure thousands of kids each year, with more than a third of them suffering hand or finger injuries.
Tip: Don't let young children use or play with exercise equipment without supervision.
7. (false) Hot liquids are the leading cause of nonfatal burns. Kids have thinner skin and thus are severely scalded at lower temperatures than adults. Water at 140 degrees F. will cause a serious burn in three seconds; even at 130 degrees F. it can produce a burn in 30 seconds.
Tip: Set the thermostat on your water heater at 120-125 degrees F.
8. (c - they can drown in them) Each year about 50 infants drown in American homes after falling head-first into these large buckets (often kept for household use) while the bucket is filled with water or other liquids and left unattended.
Tip: If you have young children, do not leave these buckets around the house - and never leave even a small amount of liquid in them.
Reprinted with permission from the National Network for Child Care - NNCC.
(1994). Only you can prevent childhood accidents! In M. Lopes (Ed.)
CareGiver News (November, p.4). Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts
Cooperative Extension.
Any additions or changes to these materials must be preapproved by the author .
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